While the two are not intuitively linked to most of us, the diversity of our microbiome
has been a rapidly growing area of research in human nutrition. Although research is
still in its infancy, the concept of the gut-eye-brain axis has recently emerged as an
area of interest due to the potential for better understanding how our gut health
impacts our eye health. Some of the key ways in which our microbiome influences the
health of our eyes are.
1. Inflammation: When the gut is healthy (high level of microbial diversity and an
abundance of beneficial flora) systemic inflammation is typically better
regulated. Conversely, if the gut is imbalanced (called dysbiosis), this can lead
to increased inflammation. Chronic inflammation can contribute to various eye
conditions, such as dry eye syndrome, macular degeneration, and even uveitis
(inflammation of the eye’s middle layer).
2. Nutrient Absorption: The gut is responsible for absorbing most of the
nutrients (ex: vitamins and minerals) we need. Therefore, there is a higher risk
of nutrient deficiencies in cases of dysbiosis, which may lead to an increased
risk for various eye diseases.
3. Immune System Regulation: An estimated 70% of the body’s immune system
is actually located in the gut. A healthier gut microbiome helps regulate
immune responses, which likely reduces the risk of autoimmune conditions.
Some examples of eye-related autoimmune complications are Sjogren’s
syndrome dry eye, autoimmune uveitis or optic neuropathy.
4. Oxidative Stress: The gut microbiome also plays a role in regulating oxidative
stress, which is a factor in the development of age-related eye diseases like
macular degeneration and cataracts. An imbalance in the gut microbiome can
exacerbate oxidative stress in the body, including in the eyes.
In summary, there is still a significant amount to learn regarding the gut-eye axis, but
we now know that focusing on gut health will certainly benefit your eyes. Stay tuned
for the next blog post which will focus on ways to improve and maintain a healthy gut
microbiome.
Dr. Daniel Walker, OD, FOWNS, FCOVD
Dr. Walker is accepting new patients and welcomes his returning patients. Click on the “Book Appointment Now” button below to schedule a Vision Wellness Assessment. We look forward to seeing you!
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